Dear Sir/ madam
I am a agriculture journalist, I'm engaging long time in agriculture's media sector, How importance role are in the agriculture sectors.
In the Nepal context food production gradually running commercially progress of processing grow the food in Nepal.
I welly recognized the agriculture values. And I want to thanks FSN Team.
With best regards,
Dhanbahadur Magar
Background :
The agrifood system in National Agro-biodiversity and action plan have playing the lot of role in various factors to implementation the an agricultural development, sustainable food, nutrition, health, business and environmental protection, as well as protection and promotion of agricultural biodiversity, the development and protection of plant varieties is mandatory.
The Agrifood direct relation with farmers, it link with the sustainable market and link to consumers, The agrifood system in this context, Nepal should implement the commitments and agreements expressed during its membership of the WTO, the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.
In addition, since it is necessary to make a legal arrangement to ensure the rights of farmers and breeders while encouraging research, investment, and technology transfer in this area, the Federal Parliament should implement this Act as soon as possible.
In an agricultural-dominated country like Nepal, where many kinds of agricultural techniques, skills, and knowledge have been created and developed, it strengthens the livelihood of farmers, makes the agricultural system sustainable, and plays an important role in the agricultural revolution. Other contributions include the following. The plant variety Protection and Farmers' Rights topic addresses the conservation of biological diversity in agriculture, the development of new plant varieties, and the protection of farmers' rights.
1.-Encourage the intellectual work and improving performance levels :
By granting exclusive rights to new plant varieties, this system encourages investment in research and development.
Most encourage to breeders to focus on developing high-yielding, disease-resistant, or climate-adapted varieties, which improve agricultural performance, development.
2. Financial benefits:
Breeders and farmers can monetize their efforts through royalties, licensing, and sales of protected breeds. Farmers and breeders who develop unique varieties can earn long-term income, which creates a financial incentive for innovation.
3. Monopoly in the market (exclusive IP rights):
Exclusive monopoly rights: Breeders/farmers get exclusive control over the commercialization of their breed, creating a temporary monopoly to reward their innovation. This feature encourages private investment in plant breeding, as it ensures a return on investment.
4. Fair competition, quality, and speed of innovation:
The regulatory structure ensures that competitors must innovate to develop different plant varieties, which encourages fair competition. By rewarding quality and uniqueness, this system raises standards and accelerates the advancement of agricultural technology.
5. Recognition:
The PVP-FR scheme formally recognizes the contribution of breeders, farmers, and communities, which enhances their reputation and self-reliance.
Farmers or communities that preserve traditional varieties or contribute to the development of new varieties receive recognition and sometimes awards.
6. Social benefits:
Improvement of and agro-biodiversity strategy and action plan of agricultural productivity brings economic stability to rural areas by ensuring food-nutrition-health security. As mentioned, excellent crop varieties like that contribute to environmental sustainability as they require less input and can withstand climate stress.
7. Local (Raithane) Conservation of local agricultural genetic resources:
The protection of farmers' rights gives priority to the protection of traditional and traditional genetic resources - crop varieties.
Farmers are encouraged to conserve and use genetic resources, which are essential for biodiversity and future reproduction.
8. Licensing and royalties support investment:
Exclusive IP rights allow breeders to license their breeds, creating a source of income for reinvestment in research and breeding. Royalties paid by seed companies or farmers for using these varieties support continuous innovation.
9. Balance of Monopoly and Access:
While conferring exclusive rights, this structure ensures a balance: farmers retain the right to save, use, and distribute seeds of protected varieties. . Breeders must make their breeds available for further research and improvement, which prevents stagnation in innovation.
Conservation of plant varieties:
It is a legal procedure for the breeder (crop/plant breeder or farmer) who invents a new type of plant to protect his rights.
Goal:
Protecting plant diversity. To encourage research and development. Providing quality seeds to farmers.
Rules:
It lays down certain criteria for the protection of new varieties, such as: newness, distinctiveness, uniformity, variety, stability.
Farmers rights:
Farmers rights include farmers' traditional knowledge, practices, contributions and agricultural genetic resources. Recognizing these, it gives them the following rights
Right to save seeds:
Farmers can save, reuse, exchange, or sell the seeds they produce:
Respect for traditional knowledge:
Legal recognition of farmers' traditional knowledge and contribution.
Compensation rights:
If the quality of the seed or variety is not as promised, the farmer can demand compensation.
Recognition and awards: Provision to give special recognition and awards to farmers or communities who help in developing new varieties.
Challenges:
Lack of awareness:
Entire of Farmers they may not be aware of their own rights and protection procedures.
Complexity of legal process:
Can be difficult to meet the necessary procedures and standards for protection.
Lack of financial resources:
Lack of adequate investment for research and development.
Mr. Dhanbahadur Magar