Agricultural systems throughout the world (particularly pastoral) experience extremes of climate variability (precipitation, temperature etc.) on a range of timescales e.g. hydrological cycle of droughts and floods, which is a major driver of pasture, crop and livestock production. However there are regional examples of agricultural decision makers successfully managing climate variability (e.g. in parts of Australia through the use of tools that use scientific understanding of MJO, ENSO and QBO), but globally the uptake of climate services is relatively low. Improving the knowledge and understanding of decision makers of the climate systems that influence local climate and providing tools that are relevant and customised can help manage climate variability and maintain food security. This is one issue and is important for parts A2c, B3, B4, B5abcd.
David Cobon