The West African region is a region where population growth, economic development and urbanization are continuously increasing, with a growing demand for water. In Burkina Faso, the significant variation in rainfall from
one year to the next and the increase in potential evaporation represent proven risks for the growth cycle of rainfed crops, particularly millet and sorghum. The scarcity of pastures and water reservoirs will force pastoralists to migrate further south. In Niger, the Sahelian zone is at risk of early drying up of wells and cesspools, low filling of lakes, insufficient water for various uses and worsening water stress. The sectors most affected are: agriculture (drop in agricultural production), livestock (fodder deficit), forestry (reduction in forest formations), health (increase in the rate of attack by certain diseases such as measles, meningitis, malaria and respiratory diseases)