Area:
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96 000 sq.km
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Climate:
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Southern half tropical wet, northern half tropical wet-dry; rainy season: March-November
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Population:
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2.95 million (2001 estimate); G.N.P. per caput: n.a.
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Specific characteristics of the country:
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Low-income food-deficit country; coastal country
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Logistics:
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Ports and roads adequate
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Major foodcrops:
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Rice, roots and tubers, oils
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Marketing year:
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January/December; Lean season: July-August
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Share of cereals in total calorie intake:
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48 percent
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Seasonably dry conditions prevail. An FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission visited Liberia in late November/early December and estimated the 2000 rice paddy production at 144 000 tonnes, compared with a pre-war (1988) figure of 259 000 tonnes. The area planted to rice in the year 2000 is estimated at 135 000 hectares, suggesting an average yield of 1.1 tonnes/hectare. Small plots and poor yields would appear to be the main cause of low production per household. The lack of employment opportunities during and after the war has compelled many families to grow some rice for the first time, in order to survive. It has also caused cultivation of land which had never previously been considered for rice production, such as the coastal mangrove swamps. As a result, there are many more families in rice production than in pre-war times, albeit with smaller plots. The main constraints faced by farmers include labour shortages, shortage of rice seed, lack of any marketing organization, high levels of post-harvest losses and poor road conditions. Large scale distribution of seeds and tools has stopped and agricultural extension activities by NGOs are focusing on rice seed multiplication, post-harvest loss reduction and coffee and cocoa rehabilitation.
Eating habits have changed dramatically since the war in favour of cassava, whose area and production have increased substantially. The Mission estimated that, taking into account possible losses, some 480 000 tonnes of cassava will be available for consumption in 2001, compared with 308 000 tonnes in 1988. Plantains are also said to be more important than before.
The Mission estimated the cereal import requirement in 2001 at 200 000 tonnes. Commercial imports are estimated at 160 000 tonnes, leaving an uncovered deficit of 40 000 tonnes to be met by food aid. WFP is seeking a total of 21 000 tonnes of cereals and pulses and 3 800 tonnes of other commodities to meet the food aid needs of about 145 000 refugees and other war affected people, as well as 140 000 children attending primary schools during the year 2001.
In Lofa county, one of Liberia's main rice producing areas, fighting is still continuing. Periodic rebel incursions since August 1999 intensified in October and have disrupted farming and displaced thousands of people, notably in the towns of Gorlu, Ganglota and Selayae. Government forces have recaptured Voinjama and Kolahun from the rebels. Liberia closed its border with Sierra Leone with effect from 19 March and ordered the security organs to enforce the closure. Security remains precarious. Thousands of Guineans fleeing hostilities in their country have also sought refuge in border towns in Liberia. More than 15 000 have arrived in Bong county and northern Lofa county. WFP is distributing food aid to about 420 000 Liberian returnees. Food distribution to Sierra Leonean refugees in camps in Montserrado and Sinje areas in Grand Cape Mount County are also underway.
| Wheat | Rice | Coarse grains | Total | |
| Previous five years average production | - | 98 | - | 98 |
| Previous five years average imports | 51 | 80 | 26 | 157 |
| 2001 Domestic Availability | - | 94 | - | 94 |
| 2000 Production (rice in paddy terms) | - | 144 | - | 144 |
| 2000 Production (rice in milled terms) | - | 94 | - | 94 |
| Possible stock drawdown | - | - | - | - |
| 2001 Utilization | 50 | 234 | 10 | 294 |
| Food Use | 50 | 212 | 10 | 272 |
| of which: local purchase requirement | - | - | - | - |
| Non-food use | - | 22 | - | 22 |
| Exports or Re-exports | - | - | - | - |
| Possible stock build up | - | - | - | - |
| 2001 Import Requirement | 50 | 140 | 10 | 200 |
| Anticipated commercial imports | 40 | 120 | - | 160 |
| Food aid needs | 10 | 20 | 10 | 40 |
| Current Aid Position | ||||
| Food aid pledges | 5 | - | 3 | 8 |
| of which: Delivered | 1 | - | 2 | 3 |
| Donor-financed purchases | - | - | - | - |
| Estimated Per Caput Consumption (kg/Year) | 17 | 72 | 3 | 92 |
| Indexes | ||||
| 2000 production as % of average: | 147 | |||
| 2001 import requirement as % of average: | 127 |
