Residues of chlorfenvinphos in commercially grown over-wintered field carrots

Table 27. Residues of chlorfenvinphos in commercially grown over-wintered field carrots of known treatment history during 1989-92 in the UK. All EC formulations. Roots analysed (Anon., 1989-92).

Soil type	Application		PHI, months	Chlorfenvinphos, mg/kg
	No.	kg ai/ha1
Organic	2	2.4	6	0.20
Silty loam	2	1.2	7	0.20
Sandy loam	1	2.35	5	<0.02
Sandy loam	1	2.4	6	<0.02
Sandy loam	1	2.4	9	0.05
Sandy loam	1	2.4+0.84	6	0.09
Sandy loam	1	2.36	5	0.12
Sandy loam		2.35	6	0.15
Sandy loam	1	0.6	5	0.15
Sandy loam	1	2.4	9	0.20
Sandy loam	1	2.35	5	0.36
Sandy loam	1	2.36	5	0.83
Sandy loam	1	2.4	9	1.04
Sandy loam	2	2.4	6	1.50
Peaty loam	1	2.36	3	<0.01
Peaty loam		2.4	3	<0.01
Peaty loam	2	2.4+N/S	5	<0.02
Peaty loam	1	2.55	5	0.02
Peaty loam		2.4	5	0.04
Peaty loam	2	2.4	6	0.05
Peaty loam	2	2.35	3	0.10
Peaty loam	2	2.4+N/S	5	0.17
Peaty loam	2	2.55	3	0.19
Peaty loam	2	2.4	5	0.192
Peaty loam	2	2.4+N/S	5	0.29
Peaty loam	2	2.4+N/S	5	0.51
Peaty loam	1	2.4	6	0.38
Peaty loam	2	2.4	5	1.42
Peaty loam	2	2.4	5	1.62
Unknown	2	2.4	5	0.01
Unknown		2.4	6	6.01
Unknown	1	2.4	6	0.20

¹ Approved in the UK as a spray application up to 2.35 kg ai/ha
² Mean of duplicate results
N/S Not specified

Parsley root. No GAP was reported for parsley root (i.e. Hamburg parsley) although summarized reports of residue trials were available from Germany.

Table 28. Supervised field trials on parsley root, Germany, 1979. All single granular applications, 5.0 kg ai/ha (Anon., 1995).

Location	PHI, days	Sample	Chlorfenvinphos, mg/kg
Stuttgart	93	leaves	<0.02
	128	leaves	<0.02
	170	leaves	0.08
	170	root	0.2
Buttelborn	78	leaves	0.2
	161	leaves	<0.02
	78	root	1.7
	161	root	0.2
Lübeck	132	leaves	0.1
	152	leaves	0.1
	138	root	1.3
	152	root	1.3
Münster	83	leaves	0.03
	111	leaves	<0.02
	83	root	0.4
	111	root	0.3
Hurthfischenich	50	leaves	0.05
	85	leaves	<0.02
	115	leaves	<0.02
	85	root	0.08
	115	root	0.03
	128	leaves	0.02
	128	root	0.21

Only the JMPR residue trial summary sheets were supplied (no study report with further information).

Parsnip. GAP was reported for The Netherlands and the UK. The UK provided government-generated data on residues in overwintered commercial parsnips of known treatment history. Two residues were from treatments according to UK GAP (2.35 kg ai/ha). The residues were 0.14 and 0.16 mg/kg.

Table 29. Residues of chlorfenvinphos in commercially grown overwintered field parsnips of known treatment history during 1989-92 in the UK. All EC. Roots analysed (Anon., 1989-92),

Soil type	Application		PHI, months	Chlorfenvinphos, mg/kg
	No.	kg ai/ha
Peat	1	4.8	5	<0.02
Flinty sand	1	0.59	3	0.07
Sand	1	2.35	7	0.14
Sand	1	2.36	5	0.16
Sand	N/S	N/S	N/S	0.35

Double underlined residues are from maximum UK GAP treatments (spray application up to 2.35 kg ai/ha) and have been used for estimating the STMR
N/S Not specified

Potatoes. There are registered uses in The Netherlands and Poland.

Residue trials were carried out in the UK, Spain, Australia and Poland, but they were very old and poorly reported with few details.

Table 30. Supervised field trials on potatoes. Tubers analysed.

Location, Country, Year	Application			PHI, days	Residues, mg/kg		Ref.
	Form.	No.	kg ai/ha		Parent	Met
Kent UK 1963	EC	1	4.5 oil application	112	<0.02	<0.05	CH-601-001
Kent UK 1966	EC	1	0.25 foliar spray	65	<0.02	<0.05	CH-601-001
Spain 1966	EC	1	0.25 foliar spray	13	<0.02	<0.05	CH-601-001
Seville Spain 1965	EC	1	1 foliar spray	28	<0.02	<0.05	CH-601-001 & CH-640-002
Australia undated	EC	8	0.25 fliar spray	5	0.01	-----	CH-601-001
Poland undated	FSD	1	0.5 foliar spray	69	0.02	-----	CH-601-001
Poland undated	EC	1	0.24 foliar spray	69	0.02	-----	CH-601-001

No detailed study reports; only very brief details of the trials and analyses were available.
Met = 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanol

Radishes. GAP was reported for Germany, The Netherlands and the UK.

Residue trials (Table 31) were in Germany and Switzerland. Several of the trials were very old and none were reported in detail. In addition the UK provided government-generated data on residues (four results) in overwintered commercial radishes of known treatment history (Table 32). The residues following applications close to GAP were all <0.1 mg/kg.

Table 31. Supervised field trials on radishes. All single applications.

Location Country, year	Application		PHI, days	Portion analysed	Chlorfenvinphos, mg/kg	Ref.
	Form.	kg ai/ha
Germany 19641	GR	4	63	root	<0.02	CH-601-001
	GR	8	63	root	<0.02
	EC	4	63	root	<0.02
	EC	8	63	root	<0.02
	GR	4	56	root	<0.02
	GR	8	56	root	0.05
Oldenburg Germany 19832	GR	4.0	27	whole plant	0.012	Anon 1995
			33	root	0.08
			40	root	0.06
Braunschweig Germany 19832	GR	4.0	29	whole plant	1.1	Anon 1995
			42	root	0.07
			57	root	<0.02
Germany 19651	GR	2	28	root	0.95	CH-601-001
Germany 19661	GR	2	35	root	<0.04	CH-601-001
		3	35	root	<0.05
Switzerland 19651	GR	2	17	root	<0.02	CH-601-001

Residues underlined once or twice are considered comparable with the German GAP for granular applications

Double underlined residues are from maximum GAP treatments and have been used for estimating the STMR

¹ No detailed study report; only very brief details of the trial and analyses were available.

² Only the JMPR residue trial summary sheets were supplied (no study report with further information provided)

Table 32. Residues of Chlorfenvinphos found in commercially grown field radishes of known treatment history during 1989-92 in the UK, 1989-92. All granular applications at 2.24 kg ai/ha. Roots analysed (Anon., 1989-92).

PHI, months	1	1	1	1
Chlorfenvinphos, mg/kg	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1

UK GAP is a granule application up to 2.0 kg ai/ha

Swedes and turnips. GAPs for swedes and turnips was reported for The Netherlands and the UK.

One field trial in the UK on swedes and three in the UK or USA on turnips were reported, but the analytical recovery was high (>120%) in the trial on swedes and the others were old and poorly described with no detailed study reports. The Meeting also received reports of six German trials on swedes or turnips in which the commodity was described as "turnip cabbage". This was an error in translation from the original German and the correct description was "swede/turnip". These trials did not comply with UK or Netherlands GAP.

Table 33. Supervised field trials on swedes and turnips.

Crop, Location Country, year	Application			PHI, days	Sample	Chlorfenvinphos, mg/kg	Ref.
	Form	No	kg ai/ha
SWEDE
Wellesbourne UK 19641,2	GR	1	2.8		root	<0.05	CH-724-065
	GR	1	2.8	109	root	<0.05
	GR	1	2.8	109	root	<0.05
	GR	1	2.8	126	root	<0.05
	EC	1	2.8	126	root	<0.05
TURNIP
Kent UK undated3	GR	1	4.5	112	root	<0.02	CH-601-001
	GR	1	4.5	112	root	<0.02
	EC	1	4.5	112	root	<0.02
Wellesbourne UK 19653	EC	1	0.84	0	foliage	14	CH-640-002
				0	root	<0.02
				10	root	<0.02
				18	root	<0.02
				30	foliage	<0.02
				30	root	<0.02
USA undated3	GR	1	1.12	70	root	<0.05	CH-601-001
	GR + EC	1+3	1.12 + 1.12	21	root	<0.21
	GR +	1+3	1.12	56	root	0.08
	EC		1.12
SWEDE or TURNIP
Geisenheim Germany 19801	EC	1+2	4.88	0	root	0.09	CH-721-013
			0.144	7		<0.02
				14		<0.02
				21		<0.02
				28		<0.02
Bamberg Germany 19801	EC	1+2	4.88	0	root	0.5	CH-721 -013
			0.144	7		<0.02
				14		<0.02
				21		<0.02
				28		<0.02
Frankfurt Germany 19801	EC	1+2	4.88	0	root	0.2	CH-721 -013
			0.144	7		0.05
				14		<0.02
				21		<0.02
				28		<0.02
Geisenheim Germany 19801	GR	1	0.1 kg/m2	49	root	0.10	CH-721 -016
				56		0.04
				70		0.02
	GR	1	0.1 g/plant	49		0.5
				56		0,2
				70		0.1
Bamburg Germany 19801	GR	1	0.1 kg/m2	49	root	0.2	CH-721 -016
				63		0.02
				70		<0.02
	GR	1	0.1 g/plant	49		0.7
				63		0.1
				70		0.06
Frankfurt Germany 19801	GR	1	0.1 kg/m2	49	root	0.10	CH-721 -016
				60		0.02
				70		<0.02
	GR	1	0.1 g/plant	49		1.6
				60		0.6
				70		0.2

¹ Duration of sample storage unspecified
² High analytical recovery (>120%)
³ No detailed study report; only very brief details of the trial and analyses were available.

Sweet potatoes. No GAP was reported although reports of residue trials in Trinidad were submitted.

Table 34. Supervised field trials on sweet potatoes in Trinidad. All EC applications. Tubers analysed. Duration of sample storage was not specified.

Location, year	Application		PHI, days	Residues mg/kg		Ref.
	No.	kg ai/ha		Parent	Met
Shell Station Trinidad 1971				<0.02	<0.05	CH-790-027
	1	8	168	<0.02	<0.05
Sell Station Trinidad 1972	1	4	532	<0.02	<0.02	CH-790-030
	21	4	196	<0.02	<0.02
	1	8	532	<0.02	<0.02
	21	8	196	<0.02	<0.02
Shell Station Trinidad 1973	1	4	868	<0.02	<0.02	CH-790-032
	31	4	154	<0.02	<0.02
	1	8	868	<0.02	<0.02
	31	8	154	<0.02	<0.02

¹ Only one application was made in any one year.
Met = 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanol

Celery. There is a registered use in The Netherlands,

One group of residue trials was reported, at an unspecified location. It was poorly described, with no detailed study report.

Table 35. Supervised field trials on celery (undated). Stems analysed.

Form.	No.	Application		PHI, days	Residues mg/kg		Ref.
		kg ai/ha	kg ai/hl		Parent	Met
GR	1	2	-	112	0.2	ND	CH-601-001
GR	1	2	-	112	0.02	ND
GR	1	1	-	91	0.03	ND
GR	1	2	-	91	0.05	ND
undated	1	17 mg/plant	root dip	72	0.5	ND

No detailed study report; only very brief details of the trial and analyses were available.
Met = 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanol

Rape seed. GAP for rape was reported for Austria, Germany, The Netherlands and Poland.

Several field trials were carried out in France and Germany. Six German trials complied with German GAP for EC spray. Residues in all the trials were <0.02 mg/kg. There were no trials with the broadcast application of granules at 3 kg ai/ha used in The Netherlands, although in two French trials with an application rate of 1 kg ai/ha the residues were <0.02 mg/kg.

Table 36. Supervised field trials on rape.

Location, Country, year	Application			PHI, days	Sample	Residues, mg/kg		Ref.
	Form.	No.	kg ai/ha			Parent	Met
Mornay France 1988	GR	1	1.0	322	Seed	<0.02	-----	CH-750-011
Saulz-le-Duc France 1988	GR	1	1.0	336	Seed	<0.02	-----	CH-750-011
	GR	1	1.0	322	Seed	<0.02	-----
Villefargeu France 1991	EC	1	0.6	126	Seed	<0.02	-----	CH-750-013
Buscieres sur Are France 1991	EC	1	0.6	105	Seed	<0.02	-----	CH-750-013
Saulay France 1991	EC	1	0.6	133	Seed	<0.02	-----	CH-750-013
Le Mee France 1991	EC	2	0.6	147	Seed	0.09	-----	CH-750-013
Lübeck Germany 1973	EC	1	0.144	77	Seed	<0.02	<0.02	CH-750-007
Ansbach Germany 1974	EC	1	0.192	70	Seed	<0.02	-----	CH-750-008
				77	Seed	<0.02	-----
Frankfurt Germany 1980	EC	2	0.144	35	Seed	<0.02	<0.02	CH-750-009
München Germany 1989	EC	2	0.144	0	plant	3.12	-----	CH-750-012
				34	plant	0.025	-----
				44	Seed	<0.02	-----
Solms Oberbiel Germany 1989	EC	2	0.144	0	plant	1.68	-----	CH-750-012
				38	plant	0.02	-----
				50	Seed	<0.02	-----
Hanau Germany 1989	EC	2	0.144	0	plant	2.74	-----	CH-750-012
				28	plant	0.055	-----
				39	Seed	<0.02	-----
Bad Segeberg Germany 1989	EC	2	0.144	0	plant	2.22	-----	CH-750-012
				50	plant	<0.02	-----
				62	Seed	<0.02	-----

Duration of sample storage was not specified.

Results underlined once or twice are considered comparable with German GAP for EC sprays.

Double underlined residues are from maximum GAP treatments and have been used for estimating the STMR

Met = 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanol

Parsley. There are registered uses in The Netherlands and the UK with WP or EC spray applications.

Summarized reports of residue trials were available from Germany, but all the trials were with granular formulations whereas the reported GAP applications are by spraying.

Table 37. Supervised field trials on parsley in Germany. All single GR applications at 5.0 kg ai/ha. Leaves analysed (Anon., 1995).

Location, year	PHI, days	Chlorfenvinphos, mg/kg
Oldenburg, 1979	89	0.1
	96	0.04
	104	0.04
Berlin, 1979	69	0.07
	79	0.04
	90	0.04
	128	<0.02
Nahermittenhausen 1979	83	<0.02
Hurthfischenich 1979	50	0.06
	85	<0.02
Buttelborn	70	0.2
	70	0.03
Münster 1975	88	0.01
Stenkamp Asche 1975	96	0.03

Only the JMPR residue trial summary sheets were supplied (no study report with further information provided).

Maize. GAP was reported for The Netherlands.

Residue trials were carried out in France but were very old and poorly described with no detailed study reports.

Table 38. Supervised field trials on Maize in France. All EC applications. Cobs analysed.

Location, year	Application		PHI, days	Residues mg/kg		Ref.
	No.	kg ai/ha		Parent	Met
Sauveterre 1965	1	1	14	<0.02	-----	CH-640-002
	1	2	14	<0.02	-----
1965	1	1	98	<0.02	<0.02	CH-601-001
1966	2	0.6	45	<0.02	<0.02	CH-601-001

There were no detailed study reports; only very brief details of the trials and analyses were available.
Met = 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanol

Wheat. There are registered uses in the UK. Two residue trials in the UK were very old and poorly reported with inadequate detail.

Table 39. Supervised field trials on wheat in the UK. Single applications. Grain analysed. Undated.

Location	Application		PHI, days	Residues mg/kg		Ref.
	Form.	kg ai/ha		Parent	Met
Lincolnshire	GR	1.75	310	<0.02	<0.02	CH-601-001
	DS	22.8 kg/tonne seed		<0.02	<0.02
Cambridgeshire	GR	1.75	310	<0.02	<0.02	CH-601-001
	DS	22.8 kg/tonne seed		<0.02	<0.02

Met = 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanol

A limited number of poorly reported trials on pasture, sorghum, peanuts, cotton seed, apples, tangerines and sugar beet were also submitted (Anon undated; Beynon, 1966). They have not been reviewed as no GAP is reported for these crops.