When organic material (e.g. animal waste, agricultural residues) is digested by microorganisms in an environment with low or absent oxygen, it produces biogas. It is a mixture of gases, including methane, that can be used for power generation, transport, heating, cooling and cooking. If biogas is cleansed from impurities, it becomes biomethane, which can be used as a high-efficiency fuel source, replacing natural gas. Biogas and biomethane are clean and valid alternatives to LPG and other fossil fuels.

The GBEP Biogas activity group, led by ECOWAS and Viet Nam, acts as a forum for the exchange of information on biogas, fostering capacity building and technology transfer, as well as informing stakeholders of the trends, research and investments in this area.